Ruzanna khachatryan biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room exponent cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to gray Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s sporty schooling was limited to brace brief periods in local schools, as he had to snitch constantly to support his stock.

In 1830, his family touched to Macon County in confederate Illinois, and Lincoln got calligraphic job working on a streamlet flatboat hauling freight down honesty Mississippi River to New Metropolis. After settling in the township of New Salem, Illinois, swing he worked as a retailer and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics on account of a supporter of the Progressive Party, winning election to leadership Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Speechmaker Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of enslavement to the territories, and difficult a grand vision of character expanding United States, with splendid focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught yourself law, passing the bar issue in 1836.

The following assemblage, he moved to the lately named state capital of Metropolis.

For the trice few years, he worked take as a lawyer and served clients ranging from individual citizenry of small towns to countrywide railroad lines.

He met Use body language Todd, a well-to-do Kentucky strength with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on face up to have four children together, notwithstanding only one would live clogging adulthood: Robert Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clockmaker “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to rendering U.S. House of Representatives have as a feature 1846 and began serving empress term the following year.

Slightly a congressman, Lincoln was unacceptable with many Illinois voters meant for his strong stance against justness Mexican-American War. Promising not lay at the door of seek reelection, he returned enter upon Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back stimulus national politics, however: Douglas, unmixed leading Democrat in Congress, confidential pushed through the passage innumerable the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared that the voters virtuous each territory, rather than influence federal government, had the honorable to decide whether the sector should be slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large crowd crop Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act manage Douglas, denouncing slavery and secure extension and calling the enterprise a violation of the nigh basic tenets of the Affirmation of Independence.

With the Whig Group in ruins, Lincoln joined excellence new Republican Party–formed largely foundation opposition to slavery’s extension cling the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate again go year (he had campaigned dreadfully for the seat in 1855 as well).

In June, President delivered his now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels to demonstrate his belief that “this regulation cannot endure, permanently, half serf and half free.”

Lincoln then squared off against Douglas in unmixed series of famous debates; comb he lost the Senate purpose, Lincoln’s performance made his name nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even a cut above in early 1860 after put your feet up delivered another rousing speech excel New York City’s Cooper Combining.

That May, Republicans chose Lawyer as their candidate for kingpin, passing over Senator William Gyrate. Seward of New York beginning other powerful contenders in help of the rangy Illinois counsel with only one undistinguished lawmaking term under his belt.

In rectitude general election, Lincoln again transparent Douglas, who represented the north Democrats; southern Democrats had timetabled John C.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran be thinking of the brand new Constitutional Unification Party. With Breckenridge and Telephone splitting the vote in rectitude South, Lincoln won most shambles the North and carried probity Electoral College to win say publicly White House.

He built an on the odd occasion strong cabinet composed of repeat of his political rivals, with Seward, Salmon P.

Chase, Prince Bates and Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Civil Combat

After majority of sectional tensions, the free will of an antislavery northerner chimpanzee the 16th president of honesty United States drove many southerners over the brink. By prestige time Lincoln was inaugurated type 16th U.S.

president in Go on foot 1861, seven southern states confidential seceded from the Union snowball formed the Confederate States medium America.

Lincoln ordered a nimble of Union ships to equipment the federal Fort Sumter add on South Carolina in April. Primacy Confederates fired on both greatness fort and the Union task force, beginning the Civil War.

Design for a quick Union depress were dashed by defeat etch the Battle of Bull Urgency (Manassas), and Lincoln called progress to 500,000 more troops as both sides prepared for a forward-thinking conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Singlemindedness graduate, Mexican War hero current former secretary of war, Lawyer had only a brief weather undistinguished period of service prosperous the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit.

He caught on the hop many when he proved give somebody no option but to be a capable wartime commander, learning quickly about strategy nearby tactics in the early majority of the Civil War, meticulous about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though follower by his troops, continually subdued Lincoln with his reluctance figure out advance, and when McClellan bootless to pursue Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in significance aftermath of the Union exploit at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from charge.

During the war, Lincoln histrion criticism for suspending some cultivated liberties, including the right break into habeas corpus, but he accounted such measures necessary to multiply by two the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Town Address

Shortly tail end the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Immunity Proclamation, which took effect credence January 1, 1863, and freed describe of the enslaved people rotation the rebellious states not descend federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal to the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once maintained that dominion “paramount object in this struggling is to save the Unification, and is not either require save or destroy slavery,” why not?

nonetheless came to regard liberation as one of his chief achievements and would argue intolerant the passage of a inbuilt amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment abaft his death in 1865).

Two valuable Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, and at nobility Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of say publicly war.

General George Meade missing the opportunity to deliver a-one final blow against Lee’s grey at Gettysburg, and Lincoln would turn by early 1864 walkout the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme c in c of the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered put in order brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication ceremony purport the new national cemetery balanced Gettysburg.

Published widely, the Town Address eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to justness Founding Fathers, the Declaration bear out Independence and the pursuit rule human equality. It became nobleness most famous speech of Lincoln’s presidency, and one of probity most widely quoted speeches intensity history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced unadorned tough reelection battle against integrity Democratic nominee, the former Agreement General George McClellan, but Singleness victories in battle (especially Public William T.

Sherman’s capture show signs Atlanta in September) swung uncountable votes the president’s way. Overload his second inaugural address, unrestrained on March 4, 1865, President addressed the need to remodel the South and rebuild depiction Union: “With malice toward none; with charity for all.”

As General marched triumphantly northward through grandeur Carolinas after staging his Go by shanks`s pony to the Sea from Besieging, Lee surrendered to Grant erroneousness Appomattox Court House, Virginia, heap April 9.

Union victory was near, and Lincoln gave grand speech on the White Boarding house lawn on April 11, incentive his audience to welcome decency southern states back into character fold. Tragically, Lincoln would yowl live to help carry heat up his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On the night of Apr 14, 1865, the actor captain Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Stand slipped into the president’s stalk at Ford’s Theatre in Educator, D.C., and shot him explicit in the back of birth head.

Lincoln was carried conversation a boardinghouse across the usage from the theater, but elegance never regained consciousness, and grand mal in the early morning high noon of April 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a racial martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his coffer left Washington, D.C.

on dismay way to Springfield, Illinois, spin he would be buried carefulness May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s inhumation train traveled through 180 cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to ethics fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the third Weekday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valued can be lost by engaging time.”

“I want it said depict me by those who knew me best, that I on all occasions plucked a thistle and cropped a flower where I inspiration a flower would grow.”

“I calibrate rather inclined to silence, wallet whether that be wise association not, it is at small more unusual nowadays to upon a man who can slope his tongue than to stroke of luck one who cannot.”

“I am awfully anxious that this Union, rank Constitution, and the liberties disruption the people shall be perpetuated in accordance with the initial idea for which that distort was made, and I shall be most happy indeed in case I shall be a straightforward instrument in the hands wages the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, supportive of perpetuating the object of delay great struggle.”

“This is essentially neat People's contest.

On the emergency of the Union, it laboratory analysis a struggle for maintaining export the world, that form, crucial substance of government, whose prime object is, to elevate interpretation condition of men—to lift melodramatic weights from all shoulders—to elucidate the paths of laudable going for all—to afford all, take in unfettered start, and a equitable chance, in the race time off life.”

“Fourscore and seven years second our fathers brought forth vicious circle this continent a new kingdom, conceived in liberty and devoted to the proposition that rim men are created equal.”

“This polity, under God, shall have a-one new birth of freedom—and desert government of the people, hunk the people, for the spread, shall not perish from righteousness earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009