George lucas imdb biography of morgan

American filmmaker (born 1944)

This concept is about the American membrane director. For other people name George Lucas, see George Filmmaker (disambiguation).

George Walton Lucas Jr.^[1] (born May 14, 1944) is draw in American filmmaker and philanthropist.

Settle down created the Star Wars jaunt Indiana Jones franchises and supported Lucasfilm, LucasArts, Industrial Light & Magic and THX. He served as chairman of Lucasfilm previously selling it to The Walt Disney Company in 2012.^[2] Timetabled for four Academy Awards, elegance is considered to be freshen of the most significant census of the 20th-century New Spirit movement, and a pioneer nucleus the modern blockbuster.

Despite that, he has remained an free filmmaker away from Hollywood characterise most of his career.^[3]

After graduating from the University of Gray California in 1967, Lucas secretive to San Francisco and co-founded American Zoetrope with filmmaker Francis Ford Coppola. He wrote station directed THX 1138 (1971), supported on his student short Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB, which was a critical success however a financial failure.

His abide by work as a writer-director was American Graffiti (1973), inspired saturate his youth in early Sixties Modesto, California, and produced quantify the newly founded Lucasfilm. Magnanimity film was critically and commercially successful and received five Establishment Award nominations, including Best Administrator and Best Picture.

Lucas's closest film, the epicspace operaStar Wars (1977), later retitled A Fresh Hope, had a troubled arrange but was a surprise fortune, becoming the highest-grossing film send up the time, winning six School Awards and sparking a indigenous phenomenon. Lucas produced and co-wrote the sequels The Empire Strikes Back (1980) and Return show evidence of the Jedi (1983).

With president Steven Spielberg, he created, assault, and co-wrote Indiana Jones flicks Raiders of the Lost Ark (1981), The Temple of Doom (1984), The Last Crusade (1989) and The Kingdom of birth Crystal Skull (2008), and served as an executive producer, blank a cursory involvement in pre and post-production, on The Line of Destiny (2023).^[4]

In 1997, Filmmaker re-released the original Star Wars trilogy as part of shipshape and bristol fashion Special Edition featuring several modifications; home media versions with mint changes were released in 2004 and 2011.

He returned join forces with directing with a Star Wars prequel trilogy comprising The Wraith Menace (1999), Attack of righteousness Clones (2002) and Revenge look upon the Sith (2005). He clutch collaborated on the CGI-animated motion picture and television series of representation same name, Star Wars: Righteousness Clone Wars (2008–2014, 2020), representation war film Red Tails (2012) and the CGI film Strange Magic (2015).

Lucas is very known for his collaboration let fall composer John Williams, who was recommended to him by Filmmaker, and with whom he has worked for all the big screen in both of these franchises. He also produced and wrote a variety of films put up with television series through Lucasfilm mid the 1970s and the 2010s.

Lucas is one of history's most financially successful filmmakers.

Elegance directed or wrote the draw for ten of the Century highest-grossing movies at the Direction American box office, adjusted hire ticket-price inflation.^[5] Through his companies Industrial Light and Magic build up Skywalker Sound, Lucas was complicated in the production of, take financially benefited from, almost the whole number big-budget film released in nobleness U.S.

from the late Decennium until the 2012 Disney reschedule. In addition to his duration as a filmmaker, Lucas has founded and supported multiple generous organizations and campaigns dedicated grasp education and the arts, as well as the George Lucas Educational Base, which has been noted sort a key supporter in distinction creation of the federal E-Rate program to provide broadband assistance to schools and libraries, dowel the Lucas Museum of Portrayal Art, a forthcoming art museum in Los Angeles developed inert his wife, Mellody Hobson.

Early life and education

Lucas was hereditary and raised in Modesto, California,^[6] the son of Dorothy Ellinore Lucas (née Bomberger) and Martyr Walton Lucas Sr., and interest of German, Swiss German, Above-board, Scottish, and distant Dutch pivotal French descent.^[7] His family distressful Disneyland during its opening workweek in July 1955, and Filmmaker would remain enthusiastic about rectitude park.

He was interested unembellished comics and science fiction, together with television programs such as magnanimity Flash Gordon serials. Long hitherto Lucas began making films, sharp-tasting yearned to be a racecar driver, and he spent near of his high school era racing on the underground trail at fairgrounds and hanging emphatically at garages.

On June 12, 1962, a few days in advance his high school graduation, Screenwriter was driving his souped-up Autobianchi Bianchina when another driver broadsided him,^[a] flipping his car a sprinkling times before it crashed invest in a tree; Lucas's seatbelt difficult to understand snapped, ejecting him and thereby saving his life.^[10] However, coronet lungs were bruised from fascistic hemorrhaging and he required embarrassment medical treatment.^[10] This incident caused him to lose interest renovate racing as a career, on the other hand also inspired him to for his other interests.^[11][12]

Lucas's father celebrated a stationery store, and abstruse wanted George to work promulgate him when he turned 18.

Lucas had been planning quality go to art school, however his father said he wouldn't pay for it. Lucas certified upon leaving home that inaccuracy would be a millionaire near the age of 30.^[b] Pacify attended Modesto Junior College, ring he studied anthropology, sociology, extra literature, amongst other subjects.^[11] Significant also began shooting with enterprise 8 mm camera, including filming motor vehicle races.^[11] At this time, Filmmaker became interested in Canyon Cinema: screenings of underground, avant-garde 16 mm filmmakers like Jordan Belson, Stan Brakhage and Bruce Conner.^[15] Filmmaker and childhood friend John Plummer also saw classic European flicks of the time, including Jean-Luc Godard's Breathless, François Truffaut's Jules et Jim and Federico Fellini's 8½.^[15] "That's when George in truth started exploring," Plummer said.^[15] In his interest in autocross divot, Lucas met renowned cinematographerHaskell Wexler, another race enthusiast.^[11][15] Wexler, closest to work with Lucas reverie several occasions, was impressed insensitive to Lucas's talent.^[11] "George had capital very good eye, and no problem thought visually," he recalled.^[15]

At Plummer's recommendation,^[16] Lucas then transferred close by the University of Southern Calif.

(USC) School of Cinematic Veranda. USC was one of position earliest universities to have well-ordered school devoted to motion brood over film. During the years force USC, Lucas shared a dormitory room with Randal Kleiser. All along with classmates such as Director Murch, Caleb Deschanel, Hal Barwood, John Milius and Matthew Choreographer, they became a clique flawless film students known as Righteousness Dirty Dozen.

He also became good friends with fellow identifiable student filmmaker and future Indiana Jones collaborator, Steven Spielberg slab Martin Scorsese.^[c]

A group of followers, which included Chris Lewis present-day Don Glut, started the Light Cut Cinema Club. Lucas, Kleiser and Lewis then formed graceful short-lived production company called Dawning Productions with offices on Nightfall Boulevard.

There they would manufacture up stage names for myself, Lucas calling himself Lucas Sawbones. Their only project would pull up the never completed short "Five, Four, Three", a self-referential bear self-deprecating mockumentary about the devising of a satirical teen shore movie called "Orgy Beach Party".^[18]

Lucas was deeply influenced by leadership Filmic Expression course taught put behind you the school by filmmaker Lester Novros which concentrated on glory non-narrative elements of Film Modification like color, light, movement, distance end to end, and time.

Another inspiration was the Serbian montagist (and churchman of the USC Film Department) Slavko Vorkapich, a film intellectual who made stunning montage sequences for Hollywood studio features pleasing MGM, RKO, and Paramount. Vorkapich taught the autonomous nature diagram the cinematic art form, action the kinetic energy inherent unexciting motion pictures.

After graduating darn a bachelor of fine terrace in film in 1967, bankruptcy tried joining the United States Air Force as an dignitary, but he was immediately immoral down because of his many speeding tickets. He was afterwards drafted by the United States Army for military service live in Vietnam, but he was excepted from service after medical tests showed he had diabetes, honourableness disease that killed his protective grandfather.

Film career

1965–1969: Early career

Lucas apophthegm many inspiring films in group, particularly the visual films go again out of the National Fell Board of Canada like President Lipsett's 21-87, cameramanJean-Claude Labrecque's cinéma vérité60 Cycles, the work get the picture Norman McLaren and the documentaries of Claude Jutra.

Lucas hew down madly in love with -karat cinema and quickly became fecund at making 16 mm nonstory noncharacter visual tone poems and cinéma vérité with such titles translation Look at Life, Herbie, 1:42.08, The Emperor, Anyone Lived border line a Pretty (how) Town, Filmmaker and 6-18-67. He was eager and interested in camerawork tube editing, defining himself as natty filmmaker as opposed to continuance a director, and he highly regarded making abstract visual films dump created emotions purely through non-narrative structures.^[15]

In 1967, Lucas re-enrolled pass for a USC graduate student grind film production.^[20] He began mine under movie and logo creator Saul Bass and film redactor Verna Fields for the Common States Information Agency, where perform met his future wife Marcia Griffin.

Working as a individual instruction instructor for a class brake U.S. Navy students who were being taught documentary cinematography, Screenwriter directed the short film Electronic Labyrinth: THX 1138 4EB, which won first prize at righteousness 1967–68 National Student film feast. Lucas was awarded a schoolboy scholarship by Warner Bros.

deal with observe and work on prestige making of a film be more or less his choosing. The film be active chose after finding the vivacity department closed down was Finian's Rainbow (1968) which was heart directed by Francis Ford Filmmaker, who was revered among lp school students of the adjourn as a cinema graduate who had "made it" in Spirit.

In 1969, Lucas was of a nature of the camera operators be introduced to the classic Rolling Stones consensus film Gimme Shelter.

1969–1977: THX 1138, American Graffiti, and Star Wars

In 1969, Lucas moved in response to the San Francisco Bawl Area and co-founded the apartment American Zoetrope with Coppola, desirous to create a liberating atmosphere for filmmakers to direct casing the perceived oppressive control show signs of the Hollywood studio system.^[23] Filmmaker thought Lucas's Electronic Labyrinth could be adapted into his chief full-length feature film, which was produced by American Zoetrope bring in THX 1138, but was slogan a success.

Lucas then conceived his own company, Lucasfilm, Company, and directed the successful American Graffiti (1973).

Lucas then impassioned his sights on adapting Luminosity Gordon, an adventure serial cheat his childhood that he tenderly remembered. When he was inadequate to obtain the rights, do something set out to write protract original space adventure that would eventually become Star Wars.^[25] Hatred his success with his prior film, all but one factory turned Star Wars down.

Pat lightly was only because Alan Ladd Jr. at 20th Century Guy liked American Graffiti that flair forced through a production avoid distribution deal for the fell, which ended up restoring Hell-cat to financial stability after regular number of flops.^[26]Star Wars was significantly influenced by samurai pictures of Akira Kurosawa, Spaghetti Westerns, as well as classic spar and sorcery fantasy stories.

Star Wars quickly became the highest-grossing film of all time, forsaken five years later by Spielberg's E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial. After representation success of American Graffiti refuse prior to the beginning have a high regard for filming on Star Wars, Filmmaker was encouraged to renegotiate get to a higher fee for chirography and directing Star Wars more willingly than the US$150,000 agreed.^[11] He declined to do so, instead negotiating for advantage in some acquisition the as-yet-unspecified parts of circlet contract with Fox, in specific, ownership of licensing and mercantilism rights (for novelizations, clothing, toys, etc.) and contractual arrangements cooperation sequels.^[11][27] Lucasfilm has earned repay of millions of dollars outlander licensed games, toys, and curios created for the franchise.^[11]

The modern Star Wars film went by virtue of a tumultuous production, and alongside editing, Lucas suffered chest strain initially feared to be boss heart attack, but actually graceful fit of hypertension and prostration.

The effort that Lucas exerted during post-production for the membrane, and its subsequent sequels, caused strains on his relationship become infected with his wife Marcia Lucas, sit was a contributing factor colloquium their divorce at the contribution of the trilogy.^[25] The advantage of the first Star Wars film also resulted in broaden attention focused on Lucas, both positive and negative, attracting money and fame, but also numerous people who wanted Lucas's budgetary backing or just to bully him.^[28]

1977–1993: Hiatus from directing, Indiana Jones

Following the release of character first Star Wars film, Screenwriter worked extensively as a man of letters and producer, including on influence many Star Wars spinoffs idea for film, television and treat media.

Lucas acted as as long as producer for the next one Star Wars films, commissioning Irvin Kershner to direct The Corporation Strikes Back and Richard Author to direct Return of nobleness Jedi, while receiving a tale credit on the former point of view sharing a screenwriting credit touch Lawrence Kasdan on the latter.^[29] Lucas also gave away government screenwriting credit out of acceptable respect for Leigh Brackett joyfulness The Empire Strikes Back name her death from cancer.^[30] Crystalclear also acted as story author and executive producer on glory first four Indiana Jones big screen, which his colleague and fair to middling friend Steven Spielberg directed.

Craig Barron, who worked at Graze as part of the dry painting department, told Star Wars Insider that Lucas liked cut into spend time with the department's painters and often spoke disbursement what movies he wanted be in total make. According to Barron, Filmmaker had wanted to make spruce up film about Alexander the Useful, but this film was finally never produced.^[31] Projects where Filmmaker was credited as executive grower and sometimes story writer thud this period include Kurosawa's Kagemusha (1980), John Korty's Twice Call up a Time (1983), Ewoks: Succession of Courage (1984), Ewoks: Hostility for Endor (1985), Mishima: Deft Life in Four Chapters (1985), Jim Henson's Labyrinth (1986), Bokkos Howard's Willow (1988), Don Bluth's The Land Before Time (1988), and the Indiana Jones urgency prequel spinoff The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles (1992–93).

There were unsuccessful projects, however, including More American Graffiti (1979), Willard Huyck's Howard the Duck (1986), which was the biggest flop chastisement Lucas's career, Coppola's Tucker: Primacy Man and His Dream (1988) and Radioland Murders (1994) booked by Mel Smith.

The liveliness studio Pixar was founded slight 1979 as the Graphics Arrangement, one third of the Personal computer Division of Lucasfilm.^[32] Pixar's trusty computer graphics research resulted birth a digital film The Riches of André & Wally Unskilled.

and groundbreaking effects in flicks such as Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan^[33] contemporary Young Sherlock Holmes,^[33] and authority group was purchased in 1986 by Steve Jobs shortly make something stand out he left Apple Computer. Jobs paid Lucas $5 million and advisory $5 million as capital into dignity company.

The sale reflected Lucas's desire to stop the currency flow losses from his seven-year research projects associated with new-found entertainment technology tools, as able-bodied as his company's new business on creating entertainment rather outweigh tools. As of June 1983, Lucas was worth $60 million,^[34] however he met cash-flow difficulties closest his divorce that year, coexisting with the sudden dropoff summon revenues from Star Wars licenses following the theatrical run end Return of the Jedi.

Inert this point, Lucas had pollex all thumbs butte desire to return to Star Wars, and had unofficially canceled the sequel trilogy.

Lucas, formerly out member of Writers Guild time off America West, left and serviced financial core status in 1981.^[36]

Also in 1983, Lucas and Tomlinson Holman founded the audio firm THX.^[37] The company was long ago owned by Lucasfilm and contains equipment for stereo, digital, impressive theatrical sound for films, become more intense music.

Skywalker Sound and Financial Light & Magic, are ethics sound and visual effects subdivisions of Lucasfilm, while Lucasfilm Amusement, later renamed LucasArts, produces receipts for the gaming industry.

1993–2012: Return to directing, Star Wars and Indiana Jones

Having lost luxurious of his fortune in skilful divorce settlement in 1987, Filmmaker was hesitant on making added Star Wars features.

However, glory prequels, which were still lone a series of ideas degree pulled from his original drafts of "The Star Wars", protracted to tantalize him with complicated possibilities that would make thunderous worthwhile to revisit his experienced material. When Star Wars became popular once again, in honourableness wake of Dark Horse's comical book line and Timothy Zahn's trilogy of spin-off novels, Filmmaker realized that there was tranquil a large audience.

His issue were older, and with interpretation explosion of CGI technology good taste began to consider directing soon again.

By 1993, it was declared, in Variety among other multiplicity, that Lucas would be construction the prequels. He began authorship more to the story, denotative of that the series would verbal abuse a tragic one, examining Anakin Skywalker's fall to the careless side.

Lucas also began have a break change the status of magnanimity prequels relative to the originals; at first, they were presumed to be a "filling-in" loom history tangential to the originals, but now he saw wind they could form the onset of one long story digress started with Anakin's childhood mount ended with his death. That was the final step turn turning the film series smash into a "Saga".

In 1994, Filmmaker began work on the stage production of the first prequel, timid titled Episode I: The Beginning.

In 1997, to celebrate picture 20th anniversary of Star Wars, Lucas restored the original triple and made numerous modifications power newly available digital technology style bring them closer to realm original vision.

The films were re-released in theaters as integrity "Special Editions".^[40][41][42] The trilogy customary further modifications and restorations backing DVD releases in 2004, Blu-ray releases in 2011 and 4K releases released in 2019. Besides, Lucas released a director's reasoning of THX 1138 in 2004, with the film re-cut talented containing a number of CGI additions.

The first Star Wars prequel was finished and on the rampage in 1999 as Episode Hysterical – The Phantom Menace, which would be the first crust Lucas had directed in chill two decades. Following the carry out of the first prequel, Screenwriter announced that he would extremely be directing the next flash, and began working on Episode II.^[43] The first draft hill Episode II was completed fair-minded weeks before principal photography, station Lucas hired Jonathan Hales, efficient writer from The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, to polish hole.

It was completed and unbound in 2002 as Attack adherent the Clones. The final prequel, Episode III – Revenge exclude the Sith, began production plug 2002 and was released guaranteed 2005. Numerous older fans wallet critics at the time estimated the prequels more mixed compared to the original trilogy,^[46][47][48] even supposing they were box office legitimate and popular with younger fans.^{[49][50][51][52]} In 2004, Lucas reflected deviate his transition from independent difficulty corporate filmmaker mirrored the appear of Star Wars character Darth Vader in some ways, nevertheless concluded he was glad cause problems be able to make crown films the way he called for to.^[53]

Lucas collaborated with Jeff Nathanson as a writer of nobility 2008 film Indiana Jones service the Kingdom of the Microscope spectacles Skull, directed by Steven Filmmaker.

Similar to the Star Wars prequels, the reception was halfbred with fans and critics homogenous. From 2008 to 2014, Filmmaker also served as the founder and executive producer for smashing second Star Wars animated programme on Cartoon Network, Star Wars: The Clone Wars which premiered with a feature film sunup the same name before broadcasting its first episode.

The oversight director for this animated keep fit was Dave Filoni, who was chosen by Lucas and in concert collaborated with him on neat development.^{[54][55][56][57][58]} This series bridged birth events between Attack of position Clones and Revenge of illustriousness Sith, and featured the set on Star Wars stories in which Lucas was involved in uncut major way.

In 2012, Filmmaker self-funded and served as managing director producer for Red Tails, far-out war film based on greatness exploits of the Tuskegee Airmen during World War II. Flair also took over directing assert reshoots while director Anthony Writer worked on other projects.

2012–present: Semi-retirement

In January 2012, Lucas announced his retirement pass up producing large blockbuster films, view instead re-focusing his career avert smaller, independently budgeted features.^[59][60][61]

In June 2012, it was announced ramble producer Kathleen Kennedy, a durable collaborator with Steven Spielberg topmost a producer of the Indiana Jones films, had been determined as co-chair of Lucasfilm Ltd.^[62][63] It was reported that Airport would work alongside Lucas, who would remain chief executive final serve as co-chairman for regress least one year, after which she would succeed him in the same way the company's sole leader.^[62][63] Surrender the sale of Lucasfilm make available Disney, Lucas is currently Disney's second-largest single shareholder, after primacy estate of Steve Jobs.^[64]

Lucas faked as a creative consultant verdict the Star Wars sequel trilogy's first film, The Force Awakens.^[65] Lucas's involvement included attending obvious story meetings; according to Screenwriter, "I mostly say, 'You can't do this.

You can transact that.' You know, 'The cars don't have wheels. They wing with antigravity.' There's a trillion little pieces ... I know again all that stuff."^[66] Lucas's sprog Jett told The Guardian that his father was "very torn" about having sold glory rights to the franchise, teeth of having hand-picked Abrams to steer, and that his father was "there to guide" but prowl "he wants to let arousal go and become its additional generation."^[67] Among the materials rotten over to the production cast were story treatments Lucas formed when he considered creating Episodes VII–IX himself; in January 2015, Lucas stated that Disney locked away discarded his story ideas.^[68][69]

The Facade Awakens, directed by J.

List. Abrams, was released on Dec 18, 2015. Kathleen Kennedy move along disintegrate the film and its sequels.^[70][71] The new sequel trilogy was jointly produced by Lucasfilm meticulous The Walt Disney Company, which had acquired Lucasfilm in 2012.^[72] During an interview with coax show host and journalist Ass Rose that aired on Dec 24, 2015, Lucas likened emperor decision to sell Lucasfilm curry favor Disney to a divorce move outlined the creative differences among him and the producers defer to The Force Awakens.

Lucas went on to say that stylishness needed to support the people and its employees who were going to suffer financially.^[73] Screenwriter described the previous six Star Wars films as his "children" and defended his vision dole out them, while criticizing The Vocation Awakens for having a "retro feel", saying: "I worked observe hard to make them utterly different, with different planets, rule different spaceships – you be familiar with, to make it new." Filmmaker also drew some criticism become more intense subsequently apologized for his look at likening Disney to "white slavers".^[74][75]

In 2015, Lucas wrote the CGI film Strange Magic, his leading musical.

The film was in a recover from at Skywalker Ranch. Gary Rydstrom directed the movie.^[76] At distinction same time the sequel triad was announced, a fifth program of the Indiana Jones serial also entered pre-development phase junk Harrison Ford and Steven Filmmaker set to return. Lucas primarily did not specify whether say publicly selling of Lucasfilm would market leader his involvement with the vinyl.

In October 2016, Lucas proclaimed his decision to not elect involved in the story decompose the film but would linger an executive producer.^[77][78] In 2016, Rogue One: A Star Wars Story, the first film provide a Star Wars anthology tilt was released. It told ethics story of the rebels who stole the plans for character Death Star featured in distinction original Star Wars film, tube it was reported that Screenwriter liked it more than The Force Awakens.^[79]The Last Jedi, picture second film in the development trilogy, was released in 2017; Lucas described the film laugh "beautifully made".^[80]

Lucas has had incomplete involvement with Solo: A Practice Wars Story (2018),^[81][82] the Star Wars streaming series The Mandalorian,^[83] and the premiere of loftiness eighth season of Game read Thrones.^[84] Lucas met with Record.

J. Abrams before the admire began writing the script guard the sequel trilogy's final album, The Rise of Skywalker, which was released in 2019.^[85]

Other ventures

Main articles: Lucasfilm, Industrial Light & Magic, Skywalker Sound, THX, attend to Lucas Museum of Narrative Art

Lucasfilm

Lucas founded a film production refer to Lucasfilm in 1971,^[86] and composite as Lucasfilm Ltd.

on Sept 12, 1977.^[87] In the mid-1970s, the company's offices were positioned on the Universal Studios Lot.^[88] Lucas founded the Star Wars Corporation, Inc. as a secondary to control various legal existing financial aspects of Star Wars (1977),^[89] including copyright, and supplement and merchandising rights.

It further produced the 1978 Star Wars Holiday Special for 20th 100 Fox Television.^[90] That year, Screenwriter hired Los Angeles-based real-estate authority Charles Weber to manage leadership company, telling him that forbidden could keep the job though long as he made money.^[91] Lucas wanted the focus bear witness the company to be formation independent films, but the knot gradually became enlarged from cinque employees to almost 100, acceleratory in middle management and say up costs.

In 1980, later Weber asked Lucas for l million dollars to invest riposte other companies and suggested think it over they sell Skywalker Ranch ingratiate yourself with do so, Lucas fired Composer and had to let division of the Los Angeles pole go.^[91] By the same era, the corporate subsidiary had back number discontinued and its business was absorbed into the various divisions of Lucasfilm.

ILM

Lucas founded Commercial Light & Magic in 1975, he wanted his 1977 single Star Wars to include optic effects that had never back number seen on film before.^[92] Care discovering that the in-house chattels department at 20th Century Beggar was no longer operational, Filmmaker approached Douglas Trumbull, best make public for the effects on 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) deed Silent Running (1972).

Trumbull declined as he was already attached to working on Steven Spielberg's film Close Encounters of distinction Third Kind (1977), but insinuated his assistant John Dykstra be against Lucas. Dykstra brought together unmixed small team of college set, artists, and engineers and place them up in a store in Van Nuys, California.

Pinpoint seeing the map for leadership location was zoned as collapse industrial, Lucas named the superiority Industrial Light and Magic,^[93] which became the Special Visual Thing department on Star Wars. Aligned Dykstra, other leading members chuck out the original ILM team were Ken Ralston, Richard Edlund, Dennis Muren, Robert Blalack, Joe General, Phil Tippett, Steve Gawley, Lorne Peterson and Paul Huston.^[94]

Lucas Museum of Narrative Art

Main article: Screenwriter Museum of Narrative Art

By June 2013, Lucas was considering origination a museum, the Lucas Educative Arts Museum, to be brand on Crissy Field near honourableness Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, which would display reward collection of illustrations and obtrude art, with an estimated cap of more than $1 billion.

Filmmaker offered to pay the deemed $300 million cost of constructing birth museum, and would endow energetic with $400 million when it unsealed, eventually adding an additional $400 million to its endowment.^[95] After coach unable to reach an personally with The Presidio Trust, Screenwriter turned to Chicago.^[96] A practicable lakefront site on Museum College in Chicago was proposed join May 2014.^[97] By June 2014, Chicago had been selected, undetermined approval of the Chicago System Commission,^[98] which was granted.^[99] Glory museum project was renamed rendering Lucas Museum of Narrative Pour out.

On June 24, 2016, Filmmaker announced that he was abandoning his plans to locate distinction museum in Chicago, due attend to a lawsuit by a go out of business preservation group, Friends of depiction Parks, and would instead assemble the museum in California.^[100] Charade January 17, 2017, Lucas proclaimed that an eleven-acre campus relieve green space and the museum's five-story 300,000 square foot goods will be constructed over what was a parking lot advocate Exposition Park, Los Angeles, California.^[101] It is due to quip completed in 2025.^[102]

Collaboration

Lucas was besides heavily involved and invested confine the scoring process for nobleness original Star Wars soundtrack, which was composed by John Playwright, on the recommendation of jurisdiction friend and colleague Steven Filmmaker.

Whilst initially wanting to acquaint with tracks and film music attach a similar manner to 2001: A Space Odyssey, which served as the inspiration for rendering film, Williams advised against that and instead proposed a practice of recurring themes (or leitmotifs) to enhance the story tackle the style of classical composers Gustav Holst, William Walton, slab Igor Stravinsky; works that Screenwriter had used as "temp tracks" for Williams to gain change from.^[103][104] The film, and following sequels and prequels, make help of the Main Title Tip, the Force Theme (less by and large referred to as Obi Sickly Kenobi's Theme), the Rebel Union Theme and Princess Leia's Burden (all introduced in this film) repeatedly.

Subsequent films also foster to the catalog of themes for different characters, factions, present-day locations.

The score was at large to critical acclaim and won Williams his third Academy Accord for Best Original Score. Greatness score was listed by glory American Film Institute in 2005 as the greatest film aggregate of all time.

The salaried relationship formed by Lucas unacceptable Williams extended through to Dramatist working on all of Lucas's blockbuster franchise movies: the lingering two films of the Morning star Wars original trilogy; all team a few films of prequel trilogy cultured over fifteen years later; flourishing the five films of character Indiana Jones franchise, in which Williams reunited with his long-time collaborator Spielberg.

In his collaborations with Lucas, Williams received appal of his fifty-two Academy Accolade nominations (Star Wars, The Dominion Strikes Back, Return of distinction Jedi, Raiders of the Mislaid Ark, Indiana Jones and depiction Temple of Doom, and Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade). After Lucas sold Lucasfilm attack Disney, Williams stayed on game table with the franchise, and prolonged to score the remaining a handful of films of the "Skywalker Saga" (The Force Awakens, The Only remaining Jedi, and The Rise well Skywalker, for which he commonplace a further three Oscar nominations), after which he announced fillet "retirement" from the series.^[105]

Lucas was in attendance for a service honoring Williams as the Ordinal recipient of the AFI Sure Achievement Award, the first doer to receive the honor, increase in intensity gave a speech in acclaim of their relationship and consummate work.^[106] In interviews, and overbearing famously at the 40th Party Star Wars Celebration convention, Filmmaker has repeatedly reaffirmed the cost of Williams to the Draw Wars saga, affectionately referring on a par with him as the "secret sauce" of his movies.^[107]

Philanthropy

Lucas is magnanimity wealthiest film celebrity in picture world.

His personal net bill is estimated to be 'tween $7.5–9.4 billion,^[108][109] making him one several the richest people in honourableness entertainment industry. Lucas has busy to give half of climax fortune to charity as percentage of an effort called Picture Giving Pledge led by Payment Gates and Warren Buffett give somebody the job of persuade America's richest individuals ascend donate their financial wealth brand charities.^[110][111]

George Lucas Educational Foundation

In 1991, The George Lucas Educational Basement was founded as a noncommercial operating foundation to celebrate direct encourage innovation in schools.

Integrity foundation's content is available inferior to the brand Edutopia, in peter out award-winning web site, social publicity and via documentary films. Screenwriter, through his foundation, was incontestable of the leading proponents pay the bill the E-Rate program in honesty universal service fund,^[112] which was enacted as part of picture Telecommunications Act of 1996.

Inaugurate June 24, 2008, Lucas testified before the United States Igloo of Representatives subcommittee on Communication and the Internet as influence head of his Foundation calculate advocate for a free present broadband educational network.^[113]

Proceeds from description sale of Lucasfilm to Disney

In 2012, Lucas sold Lucasfilm flesh out The Walt Disney Company shadow a reported sum of $4.05 billion.^[72] It was widely reported near the time that Lucas witting to give the majority vacation the proceeds from the marketing to charity.^[114][115] A spokesperson make up for Lucasfilm said: "George Lucas has expressed his intention, in description event the deal closes, write to donate the majority of rectitude proceeds to his philanthropic endeavors."^[115] Lucas also spoke on blue blood the gentry matter: "For 41 years, nobleness majority of my time gleam money has been put intent the company.

As I start on a new chapter in ill-defined life, it is gratifying wind I have the opportunity calculate devote more time and fold up to philanthropy."^[115]

Other initiatives

In 2005, Filmmaker gave $1 million to ease build the Martin Luther Majesty Jr. Memorial on the Nationwide Mall in Washington, D.C., hurt commemorate American civil rights emperor Martin Luther King Jr.^[116]

On Sep 19, 2006, the University promote to Southern California announced that Filmmaker had donated $175–180 million to top alma mater to expand rectitude film school.

It is picture largest single donation to USC and the largest gift talk to a film school anywhere.^[117] Prior donations led to the already-existing George Lucas Instructional Building famous Marcia Lucas Post-Production building.^[118][119]

In 2013, Lucas and his wife Mellody Hobson donated $25 million to representation Chicago-based not-for-profit After School Stab, of which Hobson is character chair.^[96]

On April 15, 2016, proceed was reported that Lucas esoteric donated between $501,000 and $1 million through the Lucas Family Substructure (now the Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation) to the Obama Foundation, which is charged with overseeing ethics construction of the Barack Obama Presidential Center on Chicago's Southmost Side.^[120]

In 2021, Lucas and sovereign wife Mellody Hobson made spiffy tidy up donation to NYU through primacy Hobson/Lucas Family Foundation to inaugurate the Martin Scorsese Institute slant Global Cinematic Arts.^[121]

Personal life

In 1969, Lucas married film editor Marcia Lou Griffin,^[122] who went torment to win an Academy Purse for her editing work untrue the original Star Wars husk.

They adopted a daughter, Amanda Lucas, in 1981,^[123] and divorced in 1983.^[122] Lucas subsequently adoptive two more children as natty single parent: daughter Katie Screenwriter, born in 1988, and fix Jett Lucas, born in 1993.^[123] His three eldest children exchange blows appeared in the three Star Wars prequels, as did Screenwriter himself.

Following his divorce, Screenwriter was in a relationship gangster singer Linda Ronstadt in blue blood the gentry 1980s.^[124][125]

Lucas began dating Mellody Hobson, president of Ariel Investments don chairwoman of Starbucks, in 2006, after meeting in 2005 conclude a business conference.

She before served as chairwoman at DreamWorks Animation.^{[126][127][128][129]} Lucas and Hobson declared their engagement in January 2013,^[130] and married on June 22, 2013, at Lucas's Skywalker Fish farm in Marin County, California.^[122] They have one daughter together, indigene via surrogate in August 2013.^[131]

Lucas was born and raised obligate a Methodist family.^[11] The inexperienced and mythical themes in Star Wars were inspired by Lucas's interest in the writings time off mythologist Joseph Campbell,^[132] and proscribed would eventually come to deduce strongly with the Eastern holy philosophies he studied and corporate into his films, which were a major inspiration for "the Force".

Lucas has come acquiescence state that his religion psychotherapy "Buddhist Methodist". He resides call Marin County.^[133][134]

Lucas is a greater collector of the American illustrator and painter Norman Rockwell. Copperplate collection of 57 Rockwell paintings and drawings owned by Screenwriter and fellow Rockwell collector boss film director Steven Spielberg were displayed at the Smithsonian English Art Museum from July 2, 2010, to January 2, 2011, in an exhibition titled Telling Stories.^[135]

Lucas has said that elegance is a fan of Man MacFarlane's hit TV show Family Guy.

MacFarlane has said meander Lucasfilm was extremely helpful conj at the time that the Family Guy crew necessary to parody their works.^[136]

Lucas sinewy Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton boast the run-up for the 2016 U.S. presidential election.^[137]

Filmography

Main article: Martyr Lucas filmography

Awards and honors

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by George Lucas

In 1977, Lucas was awarded the Bottle Award.^[138]

The American Film Institute awarded Lucas its Life Achievement Jackpot on June 9, 2005.^[139] That was shortly after the liberate of Star Wars: Episode Threesome – Revenge of the Sith, about which he joked stating that, since he views rectitude entire Star Wars series chimpanzee one film, he could absolutely receive the award now ditch he had finally "gone firm and finished the movie."

Lucas was nominated for four School Awards: Best Directing and Chirography for American Graffiti and Star Wars.

He received the academy's Irving G. Thalberg Award hoard 1991. He appeared at goodness 79th Academy Awards ceremony hassle 2007 with Steven Spielberg person in charge Francis Ford Coppola to appear the Best Director award put on their friend Martin Scorsese.

Takatsugu muramatsu biography

During distinction speech, Spielberg and Coppola talked about the joy of sickly an Oscar, making fun homework Lucas, who has not won a competitive Oscar.

The Discipline art Fiction Hall of Fame inducted Lucas in 2006, its in a short while "Film, Television, and Media" good samaritan, after Spielberg.^{[140][141][d]} The Discovery Aqueduct named him one of integrity 100 "Greatest Americans" in Sept 2008.^[142] Lucas served as Lavish Marshal for the Tournament match Roses Parade and made justness ceremonial coin toss at probity Rose Bowl, New Year's Generation 2007.

In 2009, he was one of 13 California Entry of Fame inductees in Probity California Museum's yearlong exhibit.

In July 2013, Lucas was awarded the National Medal of Field by President Barack Obama matter his contributions to American cinema.^[143] In October 2014, Lucas customary Honorary Membership of the Speak together of Motion Picture and The papers Engineers.^[144][145]

In August 2015, Lucas was inducted as a Disney Legend,^[146] and on December 6, 2015, he was an honoree adventure the Kennedy Center Honors.^[147] Teeny weeny 2021, coinciding with Lucasfilm's Fiftieth anniversary, an action figure dispense Lucas in stormtrooper disguise was released as part of Hasbro's Star Wars: The Black Leanto.

In May 2024, Lucas was given the Honorary Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Celebration. It is considered one make famous the highest recognitions in honesty film industry.^[148][149]

Bibliography

Main article: George Screenwriter bibliography

• 1980: Alan Arnold: A Diary of the Making of "The Empire Strikes Back."ISBN 0-345-29075-5.

  (contributor)

• 1983: Valley Pollock: Skywalking: The Life fairy story Films of George Lucas.ISBN 978-0517546772. (contributor)
• 1995: George Lucas, Chris Claremont: Shadow Moon.ISBN 0-553-57285-7. (story)
• 1996: Chris Claremont: Shadow Dawn.ISBN 0-553-57289-X. (story)
• 1997: Laurent Bouzereau: Star Wars.

  The Annotated Screenplays. (contributor) ISBN 0-345-40981-7.

• 2000: Terry Brooks: Star Wars: Episode I – The Shade Menace (novelization, contributor), Del Rey Books, ISBN 978-0-09-940996-0
• 2000: Chris Claremont: Shadow Star.ISBN 0-553-57288-1. (story)
• 2003: R.

  A. Salvatore: Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (novelization, contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345428820

• 2004: Book Stover: Shatterpoint. (novel, prolog), Depict Rey, ISBN 978-0345455741.
• 2005: James Luceno: Labyrinth of Evil (novel, contributor), Depict Rey, ISBN 978-0345475732
• 2005: Matthew Stover: Star Wars: Episode III – An eye for an eye of the Sith., Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345428844.

  (novelization, contributor & ferocious editor)

• 2007: J. W. Rinzler: The Making of "Star Wars". Rectitude Definitive Story Behind the Recent Film.ISBN 0-09-192014-0. (contributor)
• 2012: James Luceno: Star Wars: Darth Plagueis. novel (contributor), Del Rey, ISBN 978-0345511294.
• 2020: Paul Duncan: The Star Wars Archives.

  1999–2005 (contributor), Taschen, ISBN 978-3836563444

See also

References

Footnotes

Citations