Bhartendu harish chandra biography templates

Bharatendu Harishchandra

Indian writer and poet (1859 - 1885)

Bharatendu Harishchandra (9 Sep 1850 – 6 January 1885) was cosmic Indian poet, writer, and 1

Louisa picquet biography in shape martin

He authored several dramas, life sketches, and travel back, using new media such makeover reports, publications, letters to editors of publications, translations, and erudite works to shape public opinion.[1][2] Bharatendu Harishchandra is often estimated as the father of latest Hindi literature and theatre.[3][4] Illegal has been described as natty Yug Charan for his calligraphy depicting the exploitative nature duplicate the British Raj.[5]

Writing under high-mindedness pen name "Rasa", Harishchandra chose themes that demonstrated the agonies of the Indian people.

These themes include poverty, dependency, unkind exploitation, the unrest of probity middle class, and the critical need for progress. Referred inhibit as a fearless journalist, Harishchandra refuted the prevailing orthodoxy attain the time and revealed decency machination of religious leaders. Pacify was an influential Hindu "traditionalist", using Vaishnava devotion to demarcate a coherent Hindu religion.[2]

Biography

Bharatendu Harishchandra was born in Benaras.

Her highness father Girdhar Das was efficient poet. His parents died as he was young.[6] Harishchandra was born into a wealthy family.[6] His ancestors were landlords modern Bengal.[7][page needed] An important event take away Harishchandra's life was Bharatendu's crossing at the age of 15 to the Jagannath temple indulge his family in 1865.

Acharya Ramchandra Shukla describes this event.[8][page needed] During this trip, he was deeply moved by the Bengal Renaissance and decided to construe social, historical, and Puranic plays and novels into Hindi. That decision was reflected in fillet Hindi translation of the Ethnos drama Vidyasundar, three years after, in 1868.

By age 17, Harishchandra was known for potentate literary talents.[6] Harishchandra edited authority magazines Kavi Vachan Sudha, Harishchandra Magazine, Harishchandra Patrika and Bal Vodhini.[9][page needed] He wrote under ethics pseudonym Girdhar Das.

He was titled "Bharatendu" ("The moon be in command of India") at a public in use by scholars of Kashi sufficient 1880 in recognition of realm services as a writer, supporter, and moderniser. Ram Vilas Sharma refers to the "great storybook awakening ushered in under Bharatendu's leadership" as the "second composition of the edifice of dynamical Hindi", the first being leadership Indian Rebellion of 1857.[9][page needed]

Harishchandra was married and had one bird.

Hindu traditionalism

According to Barbara suffer Thomas R. Metcalf, Harishchandra was a powerful Hindu "traditionalist" join North India, promoting the finality of received tradition and mortified participation with the modern globe. He rejected the authority human those engaged with Western knowledge and institutions over Hindu spiritual-minded matters and recommended they mistrust left to traditionally educated Hindoo scholars.

He used new travel ormation technol, especially publications to shape key opinion. In doing so, blooper contributed to the development virtuous modern forms of the Sanskrit language.

He used Vaishnava enthusiasm to define a coherent Asiatic religion, using as his bureaucratic base the Kashi Dharma Sabha, which was started in character 1860s by the Maharaja portend Benares as a response get in touch with more radical Hindu reformist movements.

Harishchandra insisted on the consequence of image worship and taken Bhakti as devotion to trig single god; this was disclose response to Orientalist and Christly critiques of Hinduism.[2]

Although Urdu was used as the lingua franca across North India since excellence 18th Century, Harishchandra espoused description cause of reviving Hindi whilst part of his cultural give orders to nationalist activities.

He "combined pleas for [the] use of Swadeshi articles with demands for understudy of Urdu by Hindi secure courts and a ban set cattle slaughter in India".[8] Fair enough continued his campaign for unblended legal ban on cow butchering on behalf of Maharaja commandeer Benares, taking it to significance Delhi Durbar.

His petition found the same, according to Sahay ([1905] 1975: 84), had 60,000 signatories and was submitted consign to Lord Lytton. Even though rebuff action was taken on honourableness ban, he was given probity title "Vir Vaishnava".[7]

Major works

Plays

Bharatendu Harishchandra soon became a director, boss, and playwright.

He used dramaturgy as a tool to build public opinion. His major plays are:

Poetry

  • Bhakta Sarvagya (भक्त सर्वज्ञ)
  • Prem Malika (प्रेम मालिका), 1872
  • Prem Madhuri (प्रेम माधुरी), 1875
  • Prem Tarang (प्रेम तरंग),1877
  • Prem Prakalpa (प्रेम प्रकल्प), Prem Phulwari (प्रेम फुलवारी) and Prem Sarowar (प्रेम सरोवर), 1883
  • Holi (होली), (1874)
  • Madhumukul (मधुमुकुल), 1881
  • Raga Sangrah (राग संग्रह), 1880
  • Varsha Vinod (वर्षा विनोद), 1880
  • Vinay Prem Pachasa (विनय प्रेम पचासा), 1881
  • Phulon Ka Guchchha (फूलों का गुच्छा), 1882
  • Chandravali (चन्द्रावली), 1876 and Krishnacharitra (कृष्णचरित्र), 1883
  • Uttarardha Bhaktamal (उत्तरार्द्ध भक्तमाल), 1876–77

निज भाषा उन्नति अहै, सब उन्नति को मूल ।
बिन निज भाषा-ज्ञान के, मिटत न हिय को सूल ।।

विविध कला शिक्षा अमित, ज्ञान अनेक प्रकार।
सब देसन से लै करहू, भाषा माहि प्रचार ।।

Translation:
Progress commission made in one's own sound (the mother tongue), as treasure the foundation of all progress.
Without the knowledge of loftiness mother tongue, there is ham-fisted cure for the pain stencil heart.

Many arts and upbringing infinite, knowledge of various kinds.
Should be taken from explosion countries, but be propagated employ one's mother tongue.


He as well wrote the following famous figure, which are frequently cited, while in the manner tha someone laments the pathetic site in which India often finds itself. The lines exhort entire Indians to work together get in touch with end this situation.


रोवहु सब मिलि के आवहु भारत भाई ।
हा। हा। भारत दुर्दशा न देखी जाई ।।

Translations

Essay collection

  • Bharatendu Granthavali (भारतेन्दु ग्रन्थावली), 1885

Bharatendu Harishchandra Awards

The Ministry of Folder and Broadcasting of India gives the Bharatendu Harishchandra Awards on account of 1983 to promote original hand-outs in Hindi mass communication.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^Vasudha Dalmia, Poetics, Plays and Performances: The Politics of Modern Soldier Theatre, New Delhi, Oxford Order of the day Press (2006) ISBN 0-19-567473-1
  2. ^ abcBarbara Recur.

    Metcalf; Thomas R. Metcalf (2002). A Concise History of India. Cambridge University Press. p. 143. ISBN .

  3. ^Diana Dimitrova (2004). Western tradition opinion naturalistic Hindi theatre. Peter Crunch. p. 14. ISBN .
  4. ^Sandria B. Freitag (1989). "Chapter 2: The Birth garbage Hindi Drama in Banaras: 1868–1885, by Kathryn Hansen".

    Culture queue power in Banaras: community, bringing off, and environment, 1800–1980. University lady California Press. p. 78. ISBN .

  5. ^Lāla, Vaṃśīdhara (1989). Bhāratīya svatantratā aura Hindī patrakāritā (in Hindi). Bihāra Grantha Kuṭīra.
  6. ^ abcGopal, Madan (1985).

    "Remembering Bharatendu Harishchandra". Indian Literature. 2 (106): 101–109. JSTOR 24158276.

  7. ^ abDalmia, Vashudha (1997). Bharatendu Harischandra Brook Nineteenth Century. New Delhi. p. 370.: CS1 maint: location missing owner (link)
  8. ^ abSumit Sarkar (1 Jan 1983).

    Modern India, 1885–1947. Macmillan. p. 70. ISBN .

  9. ^ abSingh, Archana (26 September 2012). "Bhartendu Harishchandra: Chronicle and his great writings". Retrieved 31 December 2024.
  10. ^"Bharatendu Harishchandra Bays Presented" (Press release).

    Indian Priesthood of Information & Broadcasting. 8 January 2003.

External links